识别视频中的玩家是基于计算机视觉的体育分析的基础步骤。获得播放器标识对于分析游戏至关重要，并且用于游戏事件识别等下游任务。变压器是自然语言处理（NLP）的现有标准，并在计算机视觉中迅速获得牵引力。在计算机愿景中的变压器成功增加的推动，在本文中，我们介绍了一种通过广播国家曲棍球联赛（NHL）视频的泽西号码来识别玩家的变压器网络。变压器将玩家帧的时间序列（也称为播放器轨迹）作为输入，输出帧中存在的泽西号码的概率。所提出的网络比使用数据集上的上一个基准测试更好。我们通过为泽西号码的近似帧级标签产生近似帧级标签来实现弱监督的培训方法，并使用帧级标签以更快的培训。我们还通过使用光学字符识别（OCR）阅读游戏时间来利用NHL游戏数据中提供的玩家换档，以在某种游戏时间内将玩家放在溜冰场上。使用播放器转换将播放器识别精度提高了6％。
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跟踪和识别玩家是基于计算机视觉冰球分析的基本步骤。跟踪生成的数据用于许多其他下游任务，例如游戏事件检测和游戏策略分析。播放器跟踪和识别是一个具有挑战性的问题，因为与行人相比，曲棍球运动员的运动是快节奏和非线性的。还有显着的摄像头淘气和放大曲棍球广播视频。识别冰球中的玩家是挑战，因为同一团队的球员几乎相同，泽西号码是玩家之间唯一的鉴别因素。本文介绍了一种用于跟踪和识别广播NHL曲棍球视频中的玩家的自动化系统。该系统由三个组件（1）播放器跟踪组成，（2）团队识别和（3）播放器识别。由于没有公开可用的数据集，用于培训三个组件的数据集手动注释。利用艺术跟踪算法的状态来执行播放器跟踪，从而获得多目标跟踪精度（MOTA）得分为94.5％。对于团队识别，Away-Team Jerseys被分组为单一课程，并根据他们的泽西颜色在课堂上分组。然后在团队识别数据集上培训卷积神经网络。团队识别网络在测试集中获得97％的准确性。引入了一种新颖的播放器识别模型，其利用时间一维卷积网络来识别来自玩家边界框序列的玩家。播放器识别模型进一步利用了可用的NHL游戏名册数据，以获得83％的玩家识别精度。
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We present NusaCrowd, a collaborative initiative to collect and unite existing resources for Indonesian languages, including opening access to previously non-public resources. Through this initiative, we have has brought together 137 datasets and 117 standardized data loaders. The quality of the datasets has been assessed manually and automatically, and their effectiveness has been demonstrated in multiple experiments. NusaCrowd's data collection enables the creation of the first zero-shot benchmarks for natural language understanding and generation in Indonesian and its local languages. Furthermore, NusaCrowd brings the creation of the first multilingual automatic speech recognition benchmark in Indonesian and its local languages. Our work is intended to help advance natural language processing research in under-represented languages.
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Dialogue systems can leverage large pre-trained language models and knowledge to generate fluent and informative responses. However, these models are still prone to produce hallucinated responses not supported by the input source, which greatly hinders their application. The heterogeneity between external knowledge and dialogue context challenges representation learning and source integration, and further contributes to unfaithfulness. To handle this challenge and generate more faithful responses, this paper presents RHO ($\rho$) utilizing the representations of linked entities and relation predicates from a knowledge graph (KG). We propose (1) local knowledge grounding to combine textual embeddings with the corresponding KG embeddings; and (2) global knowledge grounding to equip RHO with multi-hop reasoning abilities via the attention mechanism. In addition, we devise a response re-ranking technique based on walks over KG sub-graphs for better conversational reasoning. Experimental results on OpenDialKG show that our approach significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods on both automatic and human evaluation by a large margin, especially in hallucination reduction (17.54% in FeQA).
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Developing robust and fair AI systems require datasets with comprehensive set of labels that can help ensure the validity and legitimacy of relevant measurements. Recent efforts, therefore, focus on collecting person-related datasets that have carefully selected labels, including sensitive characteristics, and consent forms in place to use those attributes for model testing and development. Responsible data collection involves several stages, including but not limited to determining use-case scenarios, selecting categories (annotations) such that the data are fit for the purpose of measuring algorithmic bias for subgroups and most importantly ensure that the selected categories/subcategories are robust to regional diversities and inclusive of as many subgroups as possible. Meta, in a continuation of our efforts to measure AI algorithmic bias and robustness (https://ai.facebook.com/blog/shedding-light-on-fairness-in-ai-with-a-new-data-set), is working on collecting a large consent-driven dataset with a comprehensive list of categories. This paper describes our proposed design of such categories and subcategories for Casual Conversations v2.
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Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License.
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韵律在言语交流中起着至关重要的作用。韵律的声明已被广泛研究。但是，韵律特征不仅被视而不见，而且在视觉上是基于头部和面部运动的视觉上。本报告的目的是提出一种使用虚拟现实检查视听韵律的方法。我们表明，基于虚拟人的动画提供了与真正说话者视频录音相似的运动提示。虚拟现实的使用开辟了新的途径，以检查口头交流的多模式效应。我们讨论了研究人工耳蜗听众中韵律感知的框架中的方法。
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2022-09-09
尽管神经网络在计算机视觉任务中取得了成功，但数字“神经元”还是生物神经元的非常松散的近似。当今的学习方法旨在在具有数字数据表示（例如图像帧）的数字设备上运行。相比之下，生物视觉系统通常比最先进的数字计算机视觉算法更有能力和高效。事件摄像机是一种新兴的传感器技术，它以异步射击像素模仿生物学视觉，避免了图像框架的概念。为了利用现代学习技术，许多基于事件的算法被迫将事件累积回图像帧，在某种程度上浪费了事件摄像机的优势。我们遵循相反的范式，并开发一种新型的神经网络，该网络更接近原始事件数据流。我们证明了角速度回归和竞争性光流估计中的最新性能，同时避免了与训练SNN相关的困难。此外，我们所提出的方法的处理延迟小于1/10，而连续推断将这种改进增加了另一个数量级。
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从图像中产生短篇小说是艰巨的。与图像字幕不同，来自图像的故事产生构成了多个挑战：保持故事连贯性，适当评估故事的质量，将生成的故事转向某种风格，并解决图像故事对的参考数据集的稀缺性，以限制训练期间的训练监督。在这项工作中，我们介绍了插件的故事讲述者（PPST），并通过以下方式改进图像到故事的生成：1）通过合并大型预培训模型，即剪辑和GPT-2来减轻数据稀缺问题，以促进通过最少的监督，流利的图像到文本一代，以及2）通过合并风格适配器来控制故事的生成，从而实现了更相关的一代。我们通过非风格，浪漫风格和动作风格的PPST进行图像到故事的生成实验，并将我们生成的故事与以前的故事进行比较三个方面的故事，即故事连贯性，图像故事相关性和风格和风格健身，使用自动和人类评估。结果表明，PPST提高了故事的连贯性，并且具有更好的图像故事相关性，但尚未充分风格。
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在本文中，我们尝试使用神经网络结构来预测仅从其主要结构（氨基酸序列）的蛋白质的二级结构（{\ alpha}螺旋位置）。我们使用该FCNN实施了完全连接的神经网络（FCNN）和预成型的三个实验。首先，我们对在鼠标和人类数据集进行训练和测试的模型进行跨物种比较。其次，我们测试了改变蛋白质序列长度的影响，我们输入了模型。第三，我们比较旨在专注于输入窗口中心的自定义错误功能。在论文的最后，我们提出了一个可以应用于问题的替代性，复发性神经网络模型。
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